Managing Cardiometabolic Risk

Exercise and Insulin Resistance

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Insulin resistance has traditionally been cited as the common soil for development of both type 2 diabetes and CVD, and it has been regarded as a key component of cardiometabolic risk (2, 32). The role of insulin resistance in the development of impaired glucose tolerance and overt type 2 diabetes is well established (33, 34). Fortunately, both an acute exercise bout and/or chronic aerobic exercise training have been shown to significantly improve insulin sensitivity and thereby reduce risk of diabetes (35).

Reference

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2. Reaven GM. Role of insulin resistance in human disease. Diabetes 1988; 37: 1595-607.

32. DeFronzo RA. Insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and coronary artery disease: a complex metabolic web. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1992; 20 Suppl 11: S1-16.

33. DeFronzo RA, Bonadonna RC and Ferrannini E. Pathogenesis of NIDDM. A balanced overview. Diabetes Care 1992; 15: 318-68.

34. Lillioja S, Mott DM, Spraul M, et al. Insulin resistance and insulin secretory dysfunction as precursors of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Prospective studies of Pima Indians. N Engl J Med 1993; 329: 1988-92.

35. Henriksen EJ. Invited review: Effects of acute exercise and exercise training on insulin resistance. J Appl Physiol 2002; 93: 788-96.

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